Trauma

Choroidal Rupture SYMPTOMS Loss of vision, Metamorphopsia, Scotomas if choroidal rupture or CNVM involves the posterior pole especially at the macula SIGNS Acute signs: Yellow-white crescent shaped lesion typically concentric to the optic nerve that is wider in the center and tapered at the ends, Hemorrhages (intraretinal, subretinal, preretinal, intravitreal), Possible CNVM Late signs (after…

Commotio Retinae SYMPTOMS Blurry vision, Scotomas, Visual field loss, Metamorphopsia SIGNS Typically unilateral Typically unilateral Acute signs: Well defined areas of retinal whitening with a glistening appearance without retinal vasculature disruption (Typically found in the inferior temporal or temporal quadrants of the retina), Hemorrhages (intraretinal, subretinal, preretinal, intravitreal) Late signs: Areas of RPE disruption and…

Angle Recession Glaucoma SYMPTOMS Usually asymptomatic. | Visual field loss in later stages. Blindness if left untreated. With high IOP (usually >40mmHg), patient may experience eye pain, eye pressure, cloudy vision, nausea, or headaches SIGNS Typically unilateral | Optic nerve damage (Notching, Rim tissue thinning, Cupping), RNFL thinning, Drance hemes, Peripapillary atrophy Other ocular signs…

Traumatic Optic Neuropathy SYMPTOMS Usually a decrease in vision (vision can range from normal to no light perception), Scotomas, Visual field defect, Decreased color vision SIGNS Typically unilateral | Signs at onset of trauma: If trauma involves the posterior aspect of the optic nerve, the optic nerve typically appears normal. If trauma involves the area…

Traumatic Cataract SYMPTOMS Decrease in vision, Monocular diplopia, Glare, Halos around light SIGNS Typically unilateral | Feathery linear opacities on the anterior and/or posterior capsule (Early form of a traumatic cataract), Petaloid or rosette-shaped opacification of the anterior and/or posterior cortex (Late form of a traumatic cataract), Vossius ring, Possible phacodonesis, Possible anterior capsule rupture,…

Recurrent Corneal Erosion SYMPTOMS Sharp eye pain especially when awakening, Eye discomfort, Photophobia, Foreign body sensation, Difficulty opening the eye, Excessive tearing, Decrease in vision Typically unilateral Conjunctival injection, Corneal epithelial defect, Loose or irregular corneal epithelium, Corneal haze, Corneal scarring SIGNS Lid swelling, redness WORK-UP Pupils | Full eye exam | Anterior segment OCT…

Chemical Burn SYMPTOMS Eye pain, Eye discomfort, Photophobia, Foreign body sensation, Difficulty opening the eye, Excessive tearing, Decrease in vision SIGNS Conjunctival injection, Conjunctival chemosis, Superficial punctate keratitis/Punctate epithelial erosions, Corneal clouding, Corneal neovascularization, Corneal pannus, Corneal scars, Corneal edema, Symblepharon, Entropion, Ectropion, Trichiasis A white, blanched eye is an indication of vascular damage which…

Corneal Abrasion/Laceration SYMPTOMS Eye pain, Eye discomfort, Photophobia, Foreign body sensation, Difficulty opening the eye, Excessive tearing, Decrease in vision especially if abrasion/laceration is centrally SIGNS Corneal abrasion: Conjunctival injection, Corneal epithelial defect, Corneal edema Signs of corneal perforation that can be associated with a corneal laceration include the following: · Shallow anterior chamber ·…

Conjunctival/Corneal Foreign Body SYMPTOMS Eye pain, Eye discomfort, Photophobia, Foreign body sensation, Difficulty opening the eye, Excessive tearing, Decrease in vision especially if foreign body is central SIGNS Conjunctival foreign body: Foreign deposit noted, Conjunctival injection Corneal foreign body: Foreign deposit noted, Possible sterile infiltrate due to inflammation from the foreign body, Rust ring if…

Conjunctival Abrasion/Laceration SYMPTOMS Ocular irritation, Eye pain, Foreign body sensation SIGNS Conjunctival abrasion: Conjunctival injection Conjunctival laceration: Conjunctival chemosis, Subconjunctival hemorrhage, Torn conjunctiva with retracted edges, Bare sclera Look for other signs of ocular trauma including corneal abrasions, hyphema, uveitis, retinal detachments, etc WORK-UP Pupils | EOMs | Full eye exam with dilation (Should avoid…